0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb传感器断裂原因分析

某力学传感器在出厂检验流程中发生断裂失效,为了确定失效原因,防止此类失效事件再次发生,实验对该传感器的力学性能、金相组织和断口形貌进行了分析,确定了断裂原因。结果表明,传感器的失效模式为氢致延迟开裂,材料中氢含量偏高和开裂位置机加工质量较差是导致传感器发生氢致开裂的主要原因。结合失效原因,提出了改进措施。     

Mg-5Y-3Sm-0.8Ca-0.5Sb合金的高温蠕变行为

采用蠕变实验和理论计算,研究了时效态Mg-5Y-3Sm-0. 8Ca-0. 5Sb合金在250～300℃和50～70 Pa条件下的蠕变行为。结果表明,该合金具有良好的抗高温蠕变性能,其在300℃和70 MPa下的稳态蠕变速率为3. 28×10-8s-1。在50～70 MPa的应力下,当温度由250℃升到300℃时,应力指数由2. 30变为3. 22;在250～300℃的温度下,当应力由50 MPa升到70 MPa时,蠕变激活能由65. 4 kJ/mol变为81. 0 kJ/mol。     

耐蚀合金中TiN析出机制

摘要：TiN颗粒尺寸及其分布对耐蚀合金性能有明显的影响，因此有必要对TiN在铸坯中的分布及其析出行为进行研究。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、金相显微镜（OM）观察了TiN夹杂物在铸坯中的分布、尺寸及其形貌；基于热力学和动力学理论分析了耐蚀合金铸坯中TiN夹杂物的析出时机及其尺寸，结合试验结果和理论计算明确了TiN夹杂物在凝固后铸坯中的位置和尺寸与析出时机的关系，为控制TiN夹杂物提供理论指导。结果表明，冶炼过程中析出的TiN夹杂物尺寸较大，在凝固过程中被枝晶吞没，位于铸坯枝晶内和等轴晶内；微观偏析计算结果表明，在凝固分数为0.55时，TiN开始析出，最开始析出TiN夹杂物的逐渐长大，长大后的TiN易于被二次枝晶吞没，最终位于铸坯中的枝晶间和等轴晶内，后期析出的TiN则在枝晶间和等轴晶间。固相中析出的TiN夹杂物长大较慢，尺寸细小，最终位于奥氏体晶界。     

两种3D打印用雾化Ti-6Al-4V粉末的对比研究

本研究分别利用水冷铜坩埚真空感应熔炼气雾化(VIGA-CC)和等离子旋转电极(PREP)两种技术制备出球形Ti-6Al-4V合金粉末,作者利用SEM、同步辐射CT扫描-三维重建和氩气含量测试等分析手段对不同粒径的Ti-6Al-4V合金粉末的孔洞缺陷和氩气含量、硬度值进行了表征。实验结果表明, VIGA-CC粉末粒度分布宽,细粉收得率较多,粉末粒度分布在40~180 μm之间, PREP粉末的粒度分布较窄,主要集中在110~180 μm之间；金属粉末内部的孔隙率、气体含量和孔尺寸随着粉末粒度的增大而增大,且同一粒径范围内VIGA-CC粉末的气孔概率多于PREP粉末；随着粉末粒径减小,粉末截面组织逐渐细化,其硬度值逐渐升高,整体上VIGA-CC粉末硬度值高于PREP粉末。     

Oxidation‐led decomposition of hexagonal boron nitride coatings on alloy substrates at 900 °C: Ti‐6Al‐4V

Hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) coatings on Ti‐6Al‐4V substrates undergo complete decomposition in air at 900 °C. This fate is similar to that of this ceramic material on chromia‐former alloys, and unlike that of a mass of powder treated in isolation. As the ceramic and alloy oxidize concurrently, outwardly diffusing aluminum (III) ions but not the predominant titanium (IV) ions react with the boron trioxide that forms around the h‐BN basal plane peripheries. Resultant aluminum borate is incorporated into the growing scale and the boron trioxide diffusion barrier is depleted. By this mechanism, the oxidation of h‐BN is maintained at an enhanced rate, until both this material and its oxide completely decompose. Liberated nitrogen from the oxidation of h‐BN can enter the underlying scale as a randomly distributed solute in rutile solid solution. The post‐coating oxide‐atmosphere interface comprises elongated aluminum borate crystallites protruding through at the boundaries between 3–5 at% nitrogen‐doped rutile grains. It differs significantly from that of oxidized, uncoated Ti‐6Al‐4V, which is occupied by a thin α‐alumina layer atop rutile. This interface does not change with an additional 72 h of heat‐treatment.     

Corrosion behavior of under‐, peak‐, and over‐aged 6063 alloy: A comparative study

The mechanical property of age‐hardenable Al‐alloys is governed by the state of ageing, which determines the microstructure and consequently, their corrosion behavior which is a vital aspect for a number of applications. This article presents a comparative assessment of corrosion behavior of under‐, peak‐ and over‐aged Al‐Mg‐Si alloy. Corrosion characteristics have been determined via immersion tests in 0.1 M ortho‐phosphoric acid solution and intergranular corrosion (IGC) tests. Corroded surfaces are examined by field emission scanning electron micrographs‐energy dispersive spectroscopy and 3D optical profilometer. The obtained results reveal that the corrosion rate at a specific immersion time as well as the depth of IGC increases in the order for under‐, peak‐, and over‐aged states. Irrespective of the state of ageing, corrosion loss increases linearly but the rate of corrosion decreases rapidly with increasing immersion time. The dominant mode of corrosion in under‐aged alloy is identified as localized pitting, while peak‐aged is highly susceptible to IGC in contrast extensive pitting corrosion is observed for over‐aged alloy. The observed differences in corrosion behavior are explained considering characteristics of precipitates. Formation of β (Mg₂Si) in case of over‐aged alloy and presence of inclusions like AlFeMnSi particles are found to accelerate pitting corrosion.     

微量Zr对不对称轧制Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金板织构及性能的影响

本文研究了微量Zr对不对称轧制Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金板及其相继固溶处理后的微观结构及性能的影响。结果表明：微量Zr在Al-0.8Mg-0.9Si合金中形成Al3Zr相弥散分布在基体中,在不对称轧制过程中,该化合物相对Copper{112}<111>、Brass{011}<211>、S{123}<634>、E{111}<110>和F{111}<112>等形变织构无明显影响；在随后的固溶处理过程中,轧制板材发生的再结晶使得Copper、Brass、S等形变织构的取向密度降低,但不溶的细小Al3Zr相在一定程度上抑制了不连续再结晶行为,反而使轧制过程中形成的E、F剪切织构的取向密度增加。添加微量Zr所形成的上述结构使该合金板材在固溶后获得较好的综合性能,其抗拉强度、屈强比和延伸率分别可达230MPa、0.49和9.5%以上；塑性应变比r值从0.7提高至0.84,杯突值IE由8.94提高至9.84,各向异性度|Δr|由0.15降低至0.04。     

Corrosion protection of aluminum alloy by epoxy coatings containing polyaniline modified graphene additives

In the study, polyaniline/reduced‐graphene oxide (PANI‐RGO) composites, fabricated by loading 2, 5, and 8wt% graphene oxide, was prepared by in‐situ emulsion polymerization and reduction. They are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Epoxy coatings adding PANI and PANI‐RGO composites were coated on the surface of AA5083 Al alloy. The anticorrosion performance of the coatings is measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization curve in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. The results demonstrate that the epoxy/PANI‐RGO coating exhibits a better protection against AA5083 alloy corrosion compared with the epoxy/PANI coating. Enhancement of the passivation performance of PANI was obtained by the addition of RGO into epoxy/PANI coating system.     

Probing the degenerate pattern growth of {100}<011> orientation in a directionally solidified Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy

Degenerate pattern is a seemingly disordered morphology but it exhibits the inherently ordered crystal connected with tip-splitting and limited stability which makes it difficult to observe in the metallic system. Here we employ (100)[011] orientated planar-front seeds using directional solidification and reveal the fundamental origins of the degenerate pattern growth in an Al-4.5 wt% Cu alloy. We find that the spacing of the tip-splitting (λ) in the degenerate of the alloys followed a power law, λ∝V^−0.5, and the frequency (f) of the splitting was related to the growth velocity (V) by ƒ∝V^1.5. The dimensionless growth direction (θ/θ₀) increased monotonously and approached 0.6 with faster velocity, attributed to its anisotropy in the interface kinetics. Once growth velocity exceeded a threshold, two types of pattern transitions from degenerate to regular dendrites were proposed. One of them exhibited a random and chaotic mode and the other underwent a rotation in growth direction.     

热处理对挤压态Mg-6Gd-5Y-1Zn合金组织与性能的影响

通过对Mg-6Gd-5Y-1Zn(质量分数,%)合金在固溶和时效处理状态下显微组织和力学性能的研究发现,α-Mg基体、沿挤压方向分布的条状18R-LPSO相、少量的Mg₂₄(GdYZn)₅ 相以及细层片状的14H-LPSO相构成了挤压态合金的组成相。挤压态合金经固溶(T4)处理后,一部分18R-LPSO相溶入基体,并且基体中的14H-LPSO相伸长同时粗化。挤压态合金经过固溶加时效(T6)处理后,大量β′相从α-Mg基体中析出。T6态合金的室温力学性能最好,其屈服强度、抗拉强度及伸长率分别为272 MPa、406 MPa和6.1%。β′相沉淀也发生在挤压态合金的直接人工时效(T5)处理过程,但相比于T6处理,14H-LPSO相和β′相在基体中的体积分数均偏低。